Here, permafrost results in fundamental- ly different types of peat formation. In the (sub-)arctic zone, peat accu- mulation is restricted by low temperatures and a short growing season, both limiting plant productivity. In the temperate zone, where evapotranspiration is higher, peatlands are found in oceanic regions with higher precipitation and cooler summers as well as in basins attracting groundwater from the surroundings. Peatlands cover large areas of the boreal zone where cool condi- tions limit evapotranspiration resulting in a positive water balance even in areas with relatively low precipitation. The distribution and character of peatlands therefore strongly depend on cli- mate. accumulates in areas of excess moisture where waterlogged condi- tions prevent the complete decomposition of dead plant material.
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